Moral Rights Of The United States - 1176 Words

5: If an original work is copied, and that copy is distorted, changed or modified in any way, that person/company who distorted, changed or modified the copy has infringed upon the copyright holder’s moral rights (only enacted in certain states) not just his copyright rights. To obtain moral rights, if not enacted in the state, a written contract needs to be drawn up. Moral rights originated in Europe to help artists protect their works and their reputations and are now enacted in the New York, California, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Louisiana, Maine, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Moral rights have been proposed as a federal statute in other states.(Spatt) It isn’t easy to be a multimedia developer/publisher. One of the easiest solutions†¦show more content†¦v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. was the first of a progression of continuous claims between Apple Inc. what s more, Samsung Electron ics in regards to the outline of advanced cells and tablet PCs; between them, the organizations made more than 50% of PDAs sold worldwide starting July 2012. In the spring of 2011, Apple started disputing against Samsung in patent encroachment suits, while Apple and Motorola Mobility were at that point occupied with a patent war on a few fronts. Apple s multinational case over innovation licenses got to be known as a versa tile s component gadget Cell phone patent wars: broad case in furious rivalry in the worldwide business sector for customer portable correspondences. By August 2011, Apple and Samsung were prosecuting 19 progressing cases in nine nations; by October, the lawful question extended to ten nations. By July 2012, the tw o organizations were still entangled in more than 50 claims far and wide, with billions of dollars in harms asserted between them. While Apple won a decision to support its in the U.S., Samsung won decisions in South Korea, Japan, and the UK. On June 4, 2013, Samsung won a constrained restriction from the U.S. Universal Trade Commission on offers of certain Apple items after the commission discovered Apple had damaged a Samsung paten. In Seoul, Samsung documented its claim in April 2011 in the Central District

The Effects Of Hunger In Black Boy By Richard Wright

Hunger is a unique feeling because its meaning is limitless. Although the term â€Å"hunger† is typically associated with a lack of food, it can be simply defined as having â€Å"a strong desire or craving† (â€Å"hunger†). In the novel, Black Boy, Richard Wright recalls the constant hunger pains due to living in poverty. However, Richard experienced alternative forms of hunger that pushed him to overcome adversity. Richard Wright’s success as a writer, even changed the way people looked at African Americans during the twentieth century. Without Richard’s lingering hunger, he might have succumbed to the racist regime of the South rather than controlling his own destiny. The physical hunger that Richard Wright experienced served as a reminder of his†¦show more content†¦Richard’s physical hunger was only the beginning. One literary critic agrees when he stated, â€Å"for here the themes of fear, hunger, and deprivation are related to his own development and therefore attain an immediacy and poignancy unlike that found in either Uncle Tom s Children or Native Son†(Hodges). The pain from not eating food would become almost insignificant compared to strong intellectual and emotional hungers that he would later feel. Richard’s craving for knowledge was frustrated him during his childhood, but his determination to overcome this hunger would help him achieve his dream of becoming a writer. Richard wanted to learn, but the people around him would constantly remind him of his inferior status. For instance, the white woman that Richard used to work for criticised him for writing stories. She rudely told Richard â€Å"‘you’ll never be a writer,’ and ‘Who on earth put such ideas into your nigger head’†(Wright 147). Both blacks and whites had a negative opinion of Richard’s aspirations to be a writer. John O. Hodges agrees when he stated that â€Å"since Richar d is interested in pursuing a literary career, the restrictions which his society places upon him become all the more serious† (Hodges). In the racist southern society of the early twentieth century, educational opportunities for African Americans were hard to come by. Richard’s formal education was inconsistent and when he was an adult, he could not take out books from the library on his own.Show MoreRelatedTrue Freedom Or Starvation Blues. What Does It Mean To1239 Words   |  5 PagesUnfortunately, after the Civil War, this was the kind of freedom awaiting the newly freed African Americans in the New South. In Richard Wright’s â€Å"Black Boy†, a detailed memoir of his childhood in the early twentieth century, this new type of â€Å"freedom† is subtly introduced in the beginning and thoroughly developed throughout the book. The horrible situations and crude treatment Wright witnesses and experiences growing up can generally be explained from the very divergent viewpoints of two different societies:Read MoreHeroic: Black Boy by Richard Wright1416 Words   |  6 PagesIn Richard Wright’s Black Boy, you see not only the transformation of a young boy going into adulthood, but a fascinating story of a hero on a journey to discover his true identity and his part in society. â€Å"Heroism is not about rising to the top, fighting for ones rightful place in society, but rather about making ones society and ones self whole. There is, however, also the notion that the right person can solve even global problems single-handedly. If the right person attempts such a feat, itRead More Richard Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Richard Wright: Author of Black Boy† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Richard Wright’s â€Å"Black Boy† depicts the different observations of the South and the North. In the South, Wright faces pre-depression and racism. In the North, Wright faces the conflicts from the Communist party. At the end of Black Boy, Wright quotes â€Å"What had I got out of living in the city? What had I got out of living in the South?†(Wright 452) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Wright’s thought of the South was that the SouthRead MoreBlack Boy and Mama’s Girl Comparison and Contrast Essay2392 Words   |  10 PagesBlack Boy and Mama’s Girl Comparison and Contrast Essay Mama’s Girl by Veronica Chambers and Black Boy by Richard Wright are autobiographies about two people growing up black in America. Richard Wright, born in 1908 near Roxie, Mississippi, became to be one of the most influential black writers in America and his work helped redefine discussions of race relations in America in the mid-20th century. Veronica Chambers, author of Mama’s Girl, has spent most of her career being an editor for variousRead MoreBlack Boy By Richard Wright2203 Words   |  9 Pages Black Boy by Richard Wright is a well written novel that talks about him growing up in the Jim Crow south. By the title you know he is African American and living in the Jim crow south he soon found out that white folks were about to do more and were better than blacks. The two races were not equal and blacks were often discriminated, hated, and punished for the most simple things. Many were punished for simple things such as looking the wrong way at a white women, thing s that in todays societyRead More Characters and Themes in Richard Wrights Black Boy1615 Words   |  7 Pages Characters and Themes in Black Boy nbsp; The novel, Black Boy is Richard Wrightsnbsp;autobiographical account of his life beginning with his earliestnbsp;memories and ending with his departure for the North at agenbsp;nineteen. In Black Boy, Wright tells of an unsettled family life that takes him from Natchez, Mississippi, to Memphis, Tennessee,nbsp;back to Jackson, Mississippi, then to Arkansas, back again tonbsp;Mississippi, and finally to Memphis once more, where he prepares fornbsp;hisRead MoreMaxs Perseverance In Native Son Essay1129 Words   |  5 Pagesover-generalized expectations of others: a concept that easily led to racism in the mid-twentieth century. While most people in the 1940s conformed to standard expectations imposed by the upper class, Richard Wright sought to expose the inner workings of this falsely presumed injustice in his classic novel, Native Son. Wright displays this through Bigger Thomas’s lawyer, Boris Max, who actively responds to injustice by defending one of the most hated African Am erican murderers in white-dominated America. AlthoughRead MoreRichard Wright s Black Boy2040 Words   |  9 PagesBlack Boy, a memoir by influential American author, Richard Wright, tells the story of Wright’s early life, focusing on his struggles under the segregationist, racist Jim Crow era of the Southern United States. When this harshly realistic depiction of a black American childhood was published it brought racism into focus for many Americans and provided an eye opening perspective on the legacy of unfairness and brutality suffered by Black Americans. Wright was born into poverty, suffering, and violenceRead MoreEssay about Importance of Language in Richard Wrights Black Boy1895 Words   |  8 PagesThe Importance of Language in Black Boy        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Richard Wrights novel Black Boy is not only a story about one mans struggle to find freedom and intellectual happiness, it is a story about his discovery of languages inherent strengths and weaknesses. And the ways in which its power can separate one soul from another and one class from another. Throughout the novel, he moves from fear to respect, to abuse, to fear of language in a cycle of education which might be likened to a tumultuousRead More Comparing the Innocent Criminal in Black Boy, Uncle Toms Children, Native Son, and Outsider3186 Words   |  13 PagesThe Innocent Criminal in Black Boy, Uncle Toms Children, Native Son, and The Outsider      Ã‚   It is probably a mere accident that I never killed, Richard Wright commented offhandedly in an interview with Robert Moss (596).   After reading several of Wrights works, one can easily understand what Wright means by this statement.   In his books Black Boy, Uncle Toms Children, Native Son, and The Outsider, Wright suggests that white society has transformed black people into criminals.   The source

Business Ethics and Document Falsification †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Ethics and Document Falsification. Answer: This essay introduces the increasing challenges encountered by the business organizations and universities due to document falsification. Document falsification is a type of fraud conducted by the business organizations and students of the universities for fulfilling basic requirements. At certain instances, business organizations offer assignment writings provided by the university to the students as their course work in exchange for money. Upon completion of the assignment, the students then submit the assignment to the university as their own work. Due to the freelancing offered to the students, the universities are unable to detect the authenticity of the assignments and mark the course works. This essay includes critically evaluating the practice of a student paying someone to write an assignment and submitting it an own work along with analyzing if such services offered by the organizations are ethical or unethical by using MacDonald's four levels of business ethics. The discussions in this essay are conducted by using various ethical theories and models followed by the types of consequences individuals engaged in such practices might suffer. Some business organizations are offering to write the assignments of the students provided by the university as their course work. These assignments are a part of the course work of the degree course that students undertake for graduation. However, some students do not prefer doing their own assignments. Due to the increasing demand of the students of not doing their own assignments, provided an opportunity for the business organizations to offer such services. As commented by Law, Ting Jerome (2013), falsification of documents is unethical for business organizations. Therefore, the practice of the students paying someone to write their assignments to business organizations and submitting it as their own work is unethical. However, as argued by Yang (2012), if the business organization is legally registered, providing such services to customers are not considered to be unethical. As mentioned by Bowen Bok (2016), students attend colleges and universities in order to gain knowledge in the subject of interest that they later use to build up their career. In order to gain sufficient knowledge about the subjects, students need to gather adequate knowledge that will be helpful for their professional career in future. Therefore, not doing own assignments is unethical for the students, as this hampers their course of study and knowledge. According to Masic (2014), it is unethical for individuals to present someone elses work as own. In this case, it is unethical for the students to submit the assignment completed by other business organizations as own to the university. It is the sole responsibility of the students to attend universities and use the knowledge gained during the lectures to complete the assignments. Reports suggest that international students are paying to business organizations or agencies to get their work edited and proof read in order to obtain high academic grades. The business organizations and agencies use their experts to go through the assignments given by the students and complete it accordingly. This has been a raising issue according to the ethical considerations of the students. Majority of the students taking help of such organizations are international students in the UK and had English as their second language. This is because the international students lack sufficient language support services at their universities (Shaw, 2017). Therefore, based on this viewpoint, undertaking such services to submit correct work by the students to the universities is not unethical. The students are enforced to undertake such service due to inappropriate language support from the university. Therefore, if the universities had provided adequate support in terms of language to the students, they would not have considered taking such services. As mentioned by Hosny Fatima (2014), taking such services is unethical and considered as cheating on the part of the students. However, as criticized by Courtney-Pratt et al., (2012), the students undertake such service due to lack of language support from the universities, hence it cannot be considered as cheating. Organizations offer services to customers based on the current demands. Therefore, the growth opportunity of the business largely depends on the present demand and expectations of the customers (Li Du, 2012). According to reports, the international students take the help of business organizations and agencies to complete the assignments on behalf of them. The main reason for the students of demanding such services is due to the lack of support of the university. As the demands of such services are increasing, business organizations have found an adequate opportunity for initiating and continuing business in this field. As commented by Wilson (2012), it is ethical for the business organizations to serve the customers by fulfilling their demands and expectations. It is considered unethical if the business organizations are unable to provide service that fulfills the demands of the customers. Therefore, from the organizational perspectives, the service provided by the organizations and agencies to write assignments on behalf of the students is not unethical. This is because the organizations are providing service to fulfill to present demand of the students. According to the four levels of business ethics, organizations need to accomplish he societal ethics, industrial ethics, company ethics and managerial ethics (Weiss, 2012). Organizations are bound to follow and implement the four levels of business ethics while conducting the business. The facility or service provided by the organization of writing assignments for the students for a fee is discussed according to the McDonalds four levels of business ethics. According to the societal ethics of McDonalds, this features assesses the effect of the business on the society. The service, products, and facilities provided by the business organization need to have a positive and healthy impact on the society. If the services provided by the organizations have any negative impact on the society and its people, it is considered to be highly unethical. The services provided by the organizations and agencies are writing the assignments of the students on their behalf are thereby, unethical. Accor ding to Graham Harris (2013), writing assignments for the students are hampering the knowledge gaining process of the students thereby, manipulating their future and professional career. It is also teaching the student's document falsification for scoring satisfactory grades. Business organizations must not offer services to the students, as it is hampering the knowledge gaining and personal development process of the students. This is also compromising with the future of the country, as their youths are completing studies being ignorant. However, as argued by Geisler (2013), it is not unethical as this is the current demand of the clients and customers. Students are asking services for writing assignments and proofreading them, as they are lacking sufficient support from the universities. From the perspective of the industrial ethics, the services offered by the organizations are not unethical because this is what the international students mostly demand. According to the business ethics, organizations must be able to fulfill the demands and expectations of the customers (Crane Matten, 2016). In this case, the students demand their assignments be written and proof read by organizations and agencies on their behalf in order to score high academic grades. Therefore, it is ethical for the business organizations and agencies to use their experts and their knowledge to write assignments on the behalf of the students and by offering a fee. Each organization has distinct company ethics based on which they conduct business. Therefore, the success of the business largely depends on the ethics of the companies. According to the company ethics of MacDonalds, the organizations need to be trustful, open-minded and needs to have clear documents of the business and service provided by them. From the organizational perspectives, if the companies and agencies have authentic and accurate documents about the service, it is ethical for them to provide service. Clear documentation is a significant ethical aspect while conducting a business. Therefore, it is ethical for the organizations to offer services such as proof reading and writing assignments for the students if they possess clear and authentic documents (Crane Matten, 2016). Based on the individual ethics, the employees of the organizations need to be trustworthy and provide plagiarism free assignments to the students. Conducting plagiarism is unethical according to the academic perspectives. Therefore, the experts while writing the assignments of the students need to provide plagiarism free work. This is considered ethical according to the individual ethics of the employees of the organizations based on McDonalds last level of business ethics (Geisler, 2013). The service provided by the organizations to write the assignments for the students is argumentative, as some consist it to be ethical and unethical; the service is discussed in accordance with various ethical theories. According to Carlson (2013), consequentialism defines the rightness and wrongness of the act based on the results of the act. Therefore, better the consequences of the act, better is the suitability of the act. From the perspectives of the organizations and the students, the service provides to the students by charging certain fees is ethical. This is because, at the end of the act, both the students and the organizations are beneficial. By allowing the facility of using the knowledge of the experts to write the assignment of the students, the organizations are actually helping the students in scoring good grades. Therefore, it is ethical. On the other hand, the students are able to get a university degree that can be used by them to build a professional career. From both the perspective, the results of the act are beneficial thereby, ethical according to the consequentialism ethical theory. However, as argued by Gray Schein (2012), deontology is defined as the system in which morality is determined by the duty or laws. In the case of deontology, the justification of the act is judged rather than the outcome of the act. Therefore, according to the concept of deontology, the service provided by the organizations of writing the assignment by charging fees is unethical. The students are given to write assignments based on the knowledge they gain by attending lectures. Therefore, writing up assignments allows the students to impart the knowledge they gain and use it for future. Therefore, if the students are not doing their assignments personally, the entire process of knowledge gaining and earning is hampered. In spite of attending full-time university courses, the students end up on the losing side, as they are unable to learn. Though the students end up scoring high grades in their academics, they fail to use the knowledge for future. As a result, the students encounter challenges after finishing their studies and starting their professional career. Therefore, the students have to struggle in order to establish them professionally and progress in their career. Virtue ethics also determines the ethnicity by determining the outcome of the actions (McHugh, 2012). According to virtue ethics, the service provided by the organizations of writing assignments on behalf of the students is ultimately hampering them in the end both academically and professionally. The youths of the country are remaining ignorant in spite of having a university degree and high academic grades. The students also need to answer questions regarding the inability to perform professionally in spite of having such high academic grades. Therefore, according to deontology and virtue ethics, the services provided by the organizations to the students are unethical, as it is having a negative outcome on the students. The students can face huge penalties and consequences if the universities become aware that the students are not doing the assignments by themselves rather than submitting someone else's work as their own ((Weiss, 2012). The universities have the right to suspend the students if they are caught practicing such unethical practices for submitting the course works. It is against the policies and rules of the universities that the students take the help of external agencies and organizations for writing their assignments. Once enrolled in the degree course, it is the responsibility of the students to attend lectures and complete assignments by themselves. Moreover, if the students keep on continuing such practices, the universities also have the right to terminate the students from the course. This will adversely affect the career of the students, as they will be unable to continue their studies in future. The universities also have the right to sue the organizations that offer such serv ices to the students. This is against the policies and rules of the universities that students write their assignments by other experts by paying the fees charged by the organizations (Wlison, 2012). In this essay, it can be concluded that document falsification is unethical for business organizations. The services provided by the business organizations to write the assignments of the students by charging particular amount of fees are unethical. This is because the students are supposed to complete the assignment by themselves without submitting someone elses work as their own. The demand for such services has increased, as the students lack sufficient language support from their university. Therefore, in spite of being good students, they are unable to score high grades due to the language barrier. In order to overcome such drawback, students are looking for help from organizations and agencies to write or proof read their assignments. McDonalds four-business ethics level suggests that the service provided by the business organizations are ethical, as this is what the students are demanding presently. According to consequentialism, the service provided by the organization is eth ical, as the result is beneficial for the students, as they are able to score high grades. However, on the other hand, according to the theories of deontology and virtue ethics, the practices are completely unethical. This is because the students end up learning nothing throughout the degree course. In future, the students encounter challenges due to lack of sufficient knowledge professionally. References Bowen, W. G., Bok, D. (2016). The shape of the river: Long-term consequences of considering race in college and university admissions. Princeton University Press. Carlson, E. (2013). Consequentialism reconsidered (Vol. 20). Springer Science Business Media. Courtney?Pratt, H., FitzGerald, M., Ford, K., Marsden, K., Marlow, A. (2012). Quality clinical placements for undergraduate nursing students: a cross?sectional survey of undergraduates and supervising nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(6), 1380-1390. Crane, A., Matten, D. (2016). Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Geisler, C. (2013). Academic literacy and the nature of expertise: Reading, writing, and knowing in academic philosophy. Routledge. Graham, S., Harris, K. R. (2013). Common core state standards, writing, and students with LD: Recommendations. Learning Disabilities Research Practice, 28(1), 28-37. Gray, K., Schein, C. (2012). Two minds vs. two philosophies: Mind perception defines morality and dissolves the debate between deontology and utilitarianism. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 3(3), 405-423. Hosny, M., Fatima, S. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and plagiarism: University case study. Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(8), 748-757. Law, L., Ting, S. H., Jerome, C. (2013). Cognitive dissonance in dealing with plagiarism in academic writing. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 97, 278-284. Li, K., Du, T. C. (2012). Building a targeted mobile advertising system for location-based services. Decision Support Systems, 54(1), 1-8. Masic, I. (2014). Plagiarism in scientific research and publications and how to prevent it. Materia socio-medica, 26(2), 141. McHugh, C. (2012). Epistemic deontology and voluntariness. Erkenntnis, 77(1), 65-94. Shaw, C. (2017). International students are turning to proofreading agencies to get support. the Guardian. Retrieved 22 August 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/higher-education-network/blog/2014/apr/09/international-students-proofreading-academic-writing-support Weiss, J. W. (2014). Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Wilson, M. W. (2012). Location-based services, conspicuous mobility, and the location-aware future. Geoforum, 43(6), 1266-1275. Yang, S. C. (2012). Attitudes and behaviors related to academic dishonesty: A survey of Taiwanese graduate students. Ethics Behavior, 22(3), 218-237.

Philippines the Center of the Marine Fish Biodiversity free essay sample

Science The Philippines is the center of the marine fish biodiversity and the home of the most diverse marine ecosystem in the world in the study of two biologists Kent Carpenter and Victor Springer. The title of there is â€Å"The Center of the marine shore fish diversity: The Philippine Island,† we have are the center of the marine in the world and the former Environment Secretary Elisea Gozun said in her presentation of the status of the country’s coastal and marine resources at the Philippine Plaza Hotel in Pasay city. We must protect our marine ecosystem so that we can prove to the other country that we can also have a healthy marine that other countries can’t have. Second larges reef Most of the endemic species ar found in the Verde Island passage between Mindoro Island and the main island of Luzon We must improve our reef so that we can still have the second largest reef or the most largest reef on the world we must stop the dynamite fish on the other side of the Philippines so the we can have a healthy and large reef so that our marine species have a shelter to make them live long and to multiply and we will have a large marine. We will write a custom essay sample on Philippines the Center of the Marine Fish Biodiversity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Most Threatened Save the coral reef stop destroying the corals and stop the muro-ami style of fish and also the dynamite fish it destroys the corals and the are disturbed and the others die because of the toxic that affect the fish and the other marine species. Do not cut the mangroves beside of the river or lake because fishes also live in there it is alright that we make some fish pond but not to much that we need to cut mangroves just to have a fish pond 70% of mangrove have lost because of converting them into fish pond. Compared to the other counties with similar coastal resources, the people in the Philippines doesn’t know how to use our coastal resources.

Free Essays on Sudden Infant Death

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome SIDS is the most common death in the postneonatal period. This means that infants between the ages of one month to one year’s old are diagnosed with SIDS. SIDS is a syndrome that stands for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and is defined as a sudden death of an infant that is unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including an autopsy, examination of the scene of death, and a review of the clinical history. The cause or causes of SIDS vary. The triple risk model proposed by Filiano and Kinney suggest that SIDS represents an intersection of factors. These factors include vulnerable infant possessing intrinsic abnormalities in cardiorespiratory control, a critical period of development of homeostatic control mechanisms, and exogenous stressors. Another part of the triple risk model is that when vulnerable infants are subjected to stressors at times when normal defense mechanisms are structurally, functionally, and developmentally deficient. (emedicine.com/ped/topic.htm} Studies have shown that in a number of cases dealing with SIDS evidence of delayed development of the brain stem has been demonstrated as well reductions in the degree of myelination in specific brain regions. Some infants with SIDS have been noted to have fewer acetylcholine-binding receptors in the arcuate nucleus. This nerve cell is critical to the integration of cardiorespiratory and arousal responses. (emedicine.com/ped/topic.htm} There are a numerous amount of symptoms for infants including blood-tinged discharge from the nose or mouth, signs of livor mortis and rigor mortis. Accidental head entrapment, source of heating carbon monoxide, minor inflammatory changes within the tracheobronchial tree, or signs of passive congestion of the organs may all be contributors to the symptoms of SIDS. SIDS has demonstrated a higher rate among African-American infants than white infants. These racial... Free Essays on Sudden Infant Death Free Essays on Sudden Infant Death Sudden Infant Death Syndrome SIDS is the most common death in the postneonatal period. This means that infants between the ages of one month to one year’s old are diagnosed with SIDS. SIDS is a syndrome that stands for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and is defined as a sudden death of an infant that is unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including an autopsy, examination of the scene of death, and a review of the clinical history. The cause or causes of SIDS vary. The triple risk model proposed by Filiano and Kinney suggest that SIDS represents an intersection of factors. These factors include vulnerable infant possessing intrinsic abnormalities in cardiorespiratory control, a critical period of development of homeostatic control mechanisms, and exogenous stressors. Another part of the triple risk model is that when vulnerable infants are subjected to stressors at times when normal defense mechanisms are structurally, functionally, and developmentally deficient. (emedicine.com/ped/topic.htm} Studies have shown that in a number of cases dealing with SIDS evidence of delayed development of the brain stem has been demonstrated as well reductions in the degree of myelination in specific brain regions. Some infants with SIDS have been noted to have fewer acetylcholine-binding receptors in the arcuate nucleus. This nerve cell is critical to the integration of cardiorespiratory and arousal responses. (emedicine.com/ped/topic.htm} There are a numerous amount of symptoms for infants including blood-tinged discharge from the nose or mouth, signs of livor mortis and rigor mortis. Accidental head entrapment, source of heating carbon monoxide, minor inflammatory changes within the tracheobronchial tree, or signs of passive congestion of the organs may all be contributors to the symptoms of SIDS. SIDS has demonstrated a higher rate among African-American infants than white infants. These racial...

Lesson Plans to Explore the Definition of Christmas

Lesson Plans to Explore the Definition of Christmas The drive to preserve the separation of church in state in schools has meant that the curricular approach to teaching about Christmas has been watered down to the least common denominator. What is taught in school often has little to do with the real meaning of Christmas. By teaching about Christmas with lessons about Eid al Adha and Hannukah you can teach the history of Christmas as well as the traditions surrounding its celebration. Day One, Christmas as a Religious Holiday Objective: Students will name one reason Christmas is celebrated by Christians. Procedure: Do a KWL Chart with your classTell the basics of the Christmas Story. Use a crà ¨che, if you have one. Assessment: Distribute coloring pages. Put a place to write names on the coloring pages: Mary, Joseph, Jesus, Shepherds, angels. Day Two, Christmas Values Objective: Children will name ways in which we can live out Christmas Values. Brainstorm: What do these values mean? HospitalityGenerosityKindnessToleranceLove Procedure: Read The Christmas Tapestry by Patricia Polacco. Discuss the following questions: What did Jonathon Jefferson Weeks learn about Christmas?How did the tapestry change the life of the old Jewish woman?What was the Tapestry, really?Which of the Christmas Values did Jonathon and his father show to the old woman?Did the old woman show to Jonathon and his father? Day Three, Christmas Gift Givers Objective: Children will match countries to Christmas Gift Givers. Procedure: Perform an internet search and have students find the country for each of the following gift givers. Santa ClausSinterklaasChristkindFather ChristmasPere Noel Report: On chart paper, write countries next to gift givers. Place labels on the map. Day Four, Christmas Celebrations Objective: Students will compare family traditions surrounding Christmas Procedure: Create a chart with the following categories: Tree: When does it go up? What do you put on the top?Presents: When do you open presents?Stockings: Does everyone in your family have a stocking? Are they all still filled?Food: What do you eat Christmas Eve? Have a tasting. Prepare  Wassail  with your children, or ahead of time. Day Five, Christmas Around the World Objective: Students will compare and contrast practices between an American Christmas celebration and a celebration in another country. Procedure: Read about Christmas in another country. If you know someone from another culture, invite them. You may also check out Santas Net, which has narratives about many countries. Make a same/different chart. Write the things that are different between the two holidays under different, those that are the same under the same.

Palmtop Mobile Phones Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Palmtop Mobile Phones - Assignment Example It is the world most globalizes country whose capital is London which is the third major financial center of the world. The most recent official figures shows that the GDP growth rate of United Kingdom is 3.1% where as GDP grew in 2006 was 23/4% and more than 3% in 2007. According to 2006 rating, the GDP is $ 2.1 trillion where as commercial service imports increases to $ 600 billion. The population of UK according to 2006 was 60,587,000 and out of this 50,763,000 is living in England. Initially 12 countries were choose by the firm, through screening process out of these 12 countries two countries were left and chosen by us as our product international market. The twelve countries selected by the firm are: International marketing of the product starts by assessing the international market and evaluation of the economic information that directly affect on the firm product [Alan M. Rugman and Richard M. Hodgetts (March 2000)]. Screening process for the product involves series of analysis; therefore, we have divided our screening process into many steps using economic indicators to represent that which two countries will suit best for the product. The initial screening process of the firm requires knowing the basic need and potential of population in international market [Anant K. Sundaram, J. Stewart Black, (1995)]. ... INITIAL SCREENING (Basic need and potential) The initial screening process of the firm requires knowing the basic need and potential of population in international market [Anant K. Sundaram, J. Stewart Black, (1995)]. A simple question "who might be interested in buying our product" is used to answer the basic need of the population. There are three ways to answer these questions 1. Current import policies: the current import policies of Australia, Canada, China, Japan and Germany are strict enough that it can cause a huge cost to our product. The taxes and other expenses on the import of these countries will be high as compared to other countries. As extra cost will incurred on the product that's why the cost of the product will be high in these market, causing less purchase of the PDA. Therefore, the choice of countries will exclude Australia, Canada, China, Japan and Germany. 2. Local production of PDA: Australia, Canada, Japan, China, Germany, Italy and United States of America are producing their own PDA's and therefore, establishing our market will in these market will not provide future establishment as these market already hold strong competitors for our product. China PDA's are now becoming more famous as they are using cheap technology and thus providing low price PDA's in the international market. On the other hand Germany, Italy, Japan and Australia are holding different international companies and national companies producing PDA's. 3. Demographic Changes: the demographic changes in India, Pakistan, Poland and Malaysia are in account and thus the potential for our product in these countries will be high [Lee J. Krajewski and Larry P. Ritzman (2003)]. Where as other countries are developed countries and already hold strong market

Buddhist Ideas and Practices in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Buddhist Ideas and Practices in China - Essay Example One of the ways in which Buddhism entered into China was through a translation, which involved selection of terms for explaining the Buddhist conceptions in Chinese; thus, they applied Taoist expressions to translate. Chinese people commenced to relate Buddhism with the existence of Taoist tradition, and they later understood the teachings of Buddha. Buddhist text continues despite, a period of political disunity after the fall of Han Dynasty during the third century, which was associated with unrest caused by war. There was increased popularity in this period, whereby the Chinese monks became aggressively concerned in the establishment of monasteries and teaching Buddhist knowledge. There were rules established with a devotion to the Buddhist, which led to the construction of such temples and participation in Buddhist ceremonies public talks, thereby expanding the rulers on the earlier catalogs on Buddhist texts.Entry of Buddhism was facilitated by a Chinese monk referred to as Dao- an, in the fourth century, though he shifted from one place to another due to the political instability, he wrote and lectured about Buddhist teachings. He also gathered copies of translated scriptures, prepared a catalog, and invited translators such as Kumarajiva, from Kucha.Kumarajiva applied Dao-an's disciples in the translation of numerous texts and revised the Chinese translations.His translations became popular thus contributing to the spread of Buddhism in China, and some of these translations have been used even in the present days.

Shared Talking Styles Essay Example for Free

Shared Talking Styles Essay Talking styles plays an important part of the communication in our everyday lives. These styles can both hinder and help communication. It is especially true in close relationships with others. This essay will discuss the article â€Å"Shared Talking Styles Herald New and Lasting Romance† as well as discussing the accuracy of a language style matching program and whether or not the language style matching is a comprehensive way to predict quality in an interpersonal relationship. Therefore, according to the article â€Å"sharing Talking Styles Herald New and Lasting Romance,† â€Å"a subtle, surprisingly ordinary type of playful and teasing lies at the heart of romance. Love flames get fanned when a man and women similarly employ words such as, I, it, but, and under in everyday conversation† (Bower, 2010). These words seem so little however, mean so much when used romantically. Nevertheless, the article also discusses different aspects on how those that truly hate each other can show a high amount of language style. That means those who are fighting tend to talk in similar ways. If two people like and understand each other, they will use similar wording regardless of the different nouns and verbs that they may use to communicate with each other. One way of testing this kind of communication, is a website, which will provide results of language style matching. I took a few emails that my significant other and I shared between each other while he was in Mexico working. From those emails, we only matched at 48 percent. Given the information, I feel that the results were inaccurate. I do believe that this program may present accurate results when there is enough information in the emails or text messages that are input into the program. The emails did not present much information as with our conversation we had on the telephone. I believe that this program can show a lot of good information when there is enough text for the program to do an appropriate result. This kind of can improve the aspect of how people see their relationships. I also believe that the language style matching can be a comprehensive way for the quality of interpersonal relationships to be predicted. This is not something that is needed for relationships to work; however, it is a tool that can help a couple to see at what percentage they are similar in how they speak. This can be a good tool for those that have trouble understanding each other as it will tell them what their language match percentage is. I do not suggest that you should base your relationship on the score; however, this can open each other’s eyes and how they can focus on a better way of and work on their communication style. Interpersonal relationships require a level of understanding. This is especially true in a romantic relationship. Talking styles can also be effected by self-esteem. â€Å"It is desirable to have high self-esteem. However, some individuals have such a high opinion of their self-worth that they believe they are better, more deserving, or more special than others do. An inflated self-image or extremely high self-esteem can negatively affect your friendships, work relationships, and romantic relationships† (Sole, 2011, Sec 3. ). Nevertheless, it does not matter the talking style, the self-esteem can have an adverse effect on the understanding or what you want those around you to understand. This essay discussed factors of talking styles. It described the article â€Å"Shared Talking Styles Herald New and Lasting Romance† as well as discussing accuracy in a language style-matching program. Talking styles are very important aspect in the communication that we use in our lives. Talking styles change the way that our communication is understood.

A Catcher In The Rye - Summary :: essays research papers fc

A Catcher In The Rye - Summary The Catcher in the Rye is narrated by Holden Caulfield, a sixteen year-old boy recuperating in a rest home from a nervous breakdown, some time in 1950. Holden tells the story of his last day at a school called Pencey Prep, and of his subsequent psychological meltdown in New York City. Holden has been expelled from Pencey for academic failure, and after an unpleasant evening with his self-satisfied roommate Stradlater and their pimply next-door neighbor Ackley, he decides to leave Pencey for good and spend a few days alone in New York City before returning to his parents' Manhattan apartment. In New York, he succumbs to increasing feelings of loneliness and desperation brought on by the hypocrisy and ugliness of the adult world; he feels increasingly tormented by the memory of his younger brother Allie's death, and his life is complicated by his burgeoning sexuality. He wants to see his sister Phoebe and his old girlfriend Jane Gallagher, but instead he spends his time with Sally Haye s, a shallow socialite Holden's age, and Carl Luce, a pretentious Columbia student Holden treats as a source of sexual knowledge Increasingly lonely, Holden finally decides to sneak back to his parents' apartment to talk to Phoebe. He borrows some money from her, then goes to stay with his former English teacher, Mr. Antolini. When he believes Mr. Antolini to be making a homosexual advance toward him, Holden leaves his apartment, and spends the rest of the night on a bench in Grand Central Station. The next day Holden experiences the worst phase of his nervous breakdown. He wanders the streets, looking at children and talking to Allie. He tries to leave New York forever and hitchhike west, but when Phoebe insists on going with him he relents, agreeing to go back home to protect his sister from the ugliness of the world. He takes her to the park, and watches her ride on the merry-go-round; he suddenly feels overwhelmed by an inexplicable, intense happiness. Holden concludes his story by refusing to talk about what happened after that, but he fills in the most important details: he went home, was sent to the rest home, and will attend a new school next year. He regrets telling his story to so many people; talking about it, he says, makes him miss everyone By: Anna E-mail: Go0de2shu

Parenting Styles and Culture

Given the diverse cultures that can shape parenting behavior, some basic assumptions regarding the links between parenting styles and developmental outcomes may not be universal. Much research has been conducted on the different parenting styles across cultures. There are also many myths about which parenting style is the best or the most beneficial to the social development of children. Reviewing past literature on this subject matter reveals that the authoritarian parenting style produced more overt aggression and many more social interaction difficulties among young children. Recent research point to the theory that the best parenting style is dictated by the culture in which it is practiced. A study by Whaley (2000) states that although a positive correlation between the use of physical discipline (i. e. , spanking) and disruptive disorders in children is found in studies of European American families, research on African American families has found a negative association or none at all. Moreover, a review of the literature indicates that the positive association between spanking and child behavior problems is bidirectional for White families, whereas it is the product of reverse causation (i. . , negative child behaviors result in spanking) in Black families. The implications of these sociocultural differences for parent training programs and the family study of disruptive behaviors are discussed. This study establishes that the positive correlation between the use of physical discipline and disruptive disorders in children found in research on European American families does not appear to be generalizable to African American families. Black parents' use of spanking is more a consequence than a cause of problem behaviors in children. Moreover, parents in the African American community, especially in low-income urban areas, may use authoritarian methods in attempts to protect their children from noxious social environments. Awareness of sociocultural differences in the relationship between parenting practices and developmental outcomes would put Black parents' behavior in proper perspective, as well as encourage interventions and policies that address community-level problems to ensure healthy child development in high-risk environments. On the one hand, these controlling methods of parenting may be effective in reducing undesirable or high-risk behaviors of Black children and adolescents. On the other hand, they may place African American children at risk for other problems, such as academic failure and child abuse. Thus an appreciation of sociocultural differences in parenting styles and related outcomes should not lead to unconditional acceptance of punitive behaviors because of their cultural significance. Alternative strategies that are culturally compatible, such as response cost, may be useful if the motivation is child oriented and not parent oriented. Sensitivity to differences in parenting styles across cultures simply means that the functional significance of spanking should be explored, and the ecological context in which families live should be taken into consideration in theory, research, and practice devoted to understanding environmental influences on child development. Research conducted by Hart and colleagues (1998) shows that maternal and paternal parenting styles and marital interactions are linked to childhood aggressive behavior. This study included an ethnic Russian sample of 207 families of nursery-school-age children. Results corroborated and extended findings from Western samples. Maternal and paternal coercion, lack of responsiveness, and psychological control (for mothers only) were significantly correlated with children's overt aggression with peers. Less responsiveness (for mothers and fathers) and maternal coercion positively correlated with relational aggression. Some of these associations differed for boys versus girls. Marital conflict was also linked to more overt and relational aggression for boys. When entered into the same statistical model, more marital conflict (for boys only), more maternal coercion, and less paternal responsiveness were found to be the most important contributors to overt and relational aggression in younger Russian children. Similar to Western findings, the results of this research supports the idea that the absence of positive parenting is as important in the development of childhood behavior problems directed toward peers as is the presence of negative parenting. In terms of the development of aggression, lack of Russian paternal responsiveness and more maternal coercion remained significant contributors to overt and relational aggression, regardless of which other parenting style or marital hostility variables that they were pitted against in the regressions. Although this supports prior work concerning relationships between maternal coercion and aggression, it highlights the importance of paternal responsiveness that involves positive, playful, and engaging interactions in children's social development. It is interesting that only maternal (and not paternal) psychological control was found to significantly correlate with Russian preschoolers’ overt aggression. However, when pitted against the effects of other predictors in the regression model, its contribution was reduced to a marginal trend. Although these findings appear to suggest that psychological control may not be as powerfully related to aggressive outcomes in young Russian children, firm conclusions should be reserved for future researchers using a variety of methodological approaches. A study conducted by Chen and colleagues (2000) included a sample of children, initially 12 years old, in the People's Republic of China who participated in a 2-year longitudinal study. Data on parental warmth, control, and indulgence were collected from children's self-reports. Information concerning social, academic, and psychological adjustment was obtained from multiple sources. The results indicated that parenting styles might be a function of child gender and change with age. Regression analyses revealed that parenting styles of fathers and mothers predicted different outcomes. Whereas maternal warmth had significant contributions to the prediction of emotional adjustment, paternal warmth significantly predicted later social and school achievement. It was also found that paternal, but not maternal, indulgence significantly predicted children's adjustment difficulties. The contributions of the parenting variables might be moderated by the child's initial conditions. Since the implementation of the one-child-per-family policy, maintaining the balance between expressing love and affection and imposing requirements and limits on the child has been a significant challenge to Chinese parents. Many parents in China are concerned about whether their child is indulged or spoiled because they may give too much attention and privilege to the child. Does parental indulgence predict children's problems? An examination of this issue would not only help us understand the meaning and significance of the parenting dimension, but would also have practical implications for childrearing in China. The results of this study indicated that paternal indulgence had significant and negative contributions to the prediction of later leadership, social competence, and academic achievement. Furthermore, paternal indulgence significantly and positively predicted later aggressive-disruptive behaviors. Thus, children who had indulgent fathers tended to be less competent and more maladjusted in both social and academic areas than other children. Maternal indulgence, in general, was not significantly associated with children's adjustment outcomes. Two possible explanations may be offered. First, because parental indulgence is likely to result in a lack of social assertiveness and poor skills in self-control and self-regulation, which are important for social interactions and school performance, the effect of indulgence may be more salient on social and school adjustment than on psychological well-being. Fathers may focus mainly on children's social functioning and school achievement, whereas mothers may be more sensitive to the children's emotional adjustment. The review of literature on the different parenting styles and child development in different cultures support the current theory which states there is no particular parenting that is best over all others. There are, however, parenting styles that are more suitable to different cultures. Furthermore, it is becoming more clear and evident that not only culture determines which parenting style is best for children. Many other factors, such as social and economic circumstances play a significant role in this matter as well. References Chen X. , Li D. , Liu M. (2000). Parental warmth, control and indulgence and their relations to adjustment in Chinese children: a longitudinal study. Journal of Family Psychology 14(3) pp. 401-419 Hart C. , McNeilly-Choque M. K. , Nelson D. A. , Olsen S. F. , Robinson C. C. (1998). Overt and relational aggression in Russian nursery-school-age children: parental style and marital linkages. Developmental Psychology 34(4) pp. 687-697 Whaley A. L. (2000). Sociocultural differences in the developmental consequences of the use of physical discipline during childhood for African-Americans. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 6(1) pp. 5-12

Elements of Romanticism in Wordsworth’s poem

The strong interest in nature, the humble life the preference for the country over city, and the focus on the first persons are all features of Romantic poetry found in this poem. â€Å"Expostulation and Reply† is written in the first person and in simple language. The poem seems conversational in style, making it more appealing to the reader. Even though the story is argumentative in wording, the tone is not angry or even serious. It is rather relaxed. This is probably due to the fact that we should approach it with an open mind and without bias. This poem incorporatesWordsmith's thought that nature was the ultimate teacher. As William was pondering on a stone, Matthew asked him, â€Å"Where are your books? That light bequeathed to beings else forlorn and blind. † Matthew was wanting to know why he was wasting time, when he could be studying books. Matthew stressed the point that books were left by our ancestors for our learning. Matthew goes on to say, † You loo k round on your mother earth, as if she for no purpose bore you;† Clearly, Matthew is misinterpreting the situation. William is looking at mother earth with a purpose to learn.He finds that you can learn better by observing nature than reading another's thoughts on the subject. William is not accepting somebody else's word of knowledge, but he's discovering his own knowledge. I think of William as a symbol of individual thinking (a pioneer), and Matthew as a symbol of society's restriction because he chooses to restrain his knowledge to words on paper. Next, William replies to Matthew. William makes the point that there are things we see that we should pay close attention to because there might be some spirit trying to communicate. In this case, nature is communicating.William says, â€Å"That nothing of itself will come, but we must still be seeking? † When nature is ready to teach us, then we better be listening already. Really I think that in the poem, there is a sen se that nature is constantly teaching. It's Just that we aren't hearing things. Actually, we are hearing things but choosing to ignore the words. After all, Nature did give us ears to listen with, but it is our choice not to listen. Maybe we all have choices, and it's by listening to the details that we make the right choice. I also want to mention Wordsmith's other poem, â€Å"The Tables Turned. Unlike this poem where one person says pick up a book to learn, the speaker says put down your book to learn. The poem says, â€Å"Let Nature be your teacher. † It later goes on to say, â€Å"—-We murder to dissect. † I think that meaner that when men get curious about something, we destroy its natural beauty Just to learn about it. â€Å"The Tables Turned† helped answer questions posed by â€Å"Expostulation and Reply† in Wordsmith's own thoughts and views. When you add the vivid language of â€Å"The Tables Turned,† it ally gives a more colorful, vivid sense of nature and what it has to offer.There's a lot of sensory perception described in the poem. The poem goes on to describe nature as something pure and innocent. I think that's why Matthew didn't understand Williams action; he wasn't in touch with the innocence of nature anymore. Modern society has taken over and left its mark on the culture. Maybe William knew that modern life would overrun nature, and he would learn all that he could before it was gone. After all, no good thing can last forever. These poems reveal a lot about humanity, even though the subject was nature.Human will can drive us to excel in certain aspects. When it comes to learning from the nature around us, we can see or hear something, but it is against our will to learn from it. We, as humans, are drawn to whatever distracts our attention. When it comes to a more passive distraction, we don't notice it. If we did, we'd be smarter because of it. This poem is definitely an example of Romanticism becau se of the humble, peaceful learning that is happening in the poem. It's very different room the way that learning is defined, even today.

Free Essays on Aphrodite

Aphrodite’s Vanity Aphrodite was the goddess of love in Greece. She was also said to have been the most beautiful of all the Goddesses and to have been born from sea foam. Although she was beautiful, some saw her as treacherous and malicious. She was known to have a bewitching power over men that more times than not brought about their own destruction. Aphrodite also involved herself on several occasions with the affairs of the Gods and Goddesses on Mount Olympus, as well as the Greek mortals. Aphrodite was legendary for her beauty, but she was also very vain. It was her vanity that started the Trojan War. The day of Peleus and Thetis’s wedding ceremony, all gods and goddesses were invited to attend, all except Eris, the goddess of Discord. Feeling very insulted Eris set out revenge on the newly wed couple. She devised a plan to bring turmoil to the couple’s wedding day. When the sun set, the feast began. She waited until the last dish to roll a golden apple into the hall. Everyone took notice at the vividly sparkling apple. A wedding attendant picked it up and read the inscription â€Å"For the fairest.† All the Goddesses immediately broke out into an argument of who deserved the apple. Soon there were just three choices left Athena, Hera and Aphrodite. The three Goddesses asked Zeus to be the judge, and award the apple to the most deserving. Zeus was far too wise to involve himself in such a thing. He quickly suggested they send Hermes; messenger of the gods, to Troy where Paris, the son of King Priam could be found on Mount Ida. Because of a prophecy warning that his son would one day be the ruin of Troy, he sent Paris to live as a shepherd. Hermes appeared to Paris and told him he must travel with him to Mount Olympus where he was to perform his task for Zeus. Paris did as he was told and left Mount Ida with Hermes. He soon arrived on Olympus and was told by Zeus to award the golden apple to the fairest of the three... Free Essays on Aphrodite Free Essays on Aphrodite Aphrodite’s Vanity Aphrodite was the goddess of love in Greece. She was also said to have been the most beautiful of all the Goddesses and to have been born from sea foam. Although she was beautiful, some saw her as treacherous and malicious. She was known to have a bewitching power over men that more times than not brought about their own destruction. Aphrodite also involved herself on several occasions with the affairs of the Gods and Goddesses on Mount Olympus, as well as the Greek mortals. Aphrodite was legendary for her beauty, but she was also very vain. It was her vanity that started the Trojan War. The day of Peleus and Thetis’s wedding ceremony, all gods and goddesses were invited to attend, all except Eris, the goddess of Discord. Feeling very insulted Eris set out revenge on the newly wed couple. She devised a plan to bring turmoil to the couple’s wedding day. When the sun set, the feast began. She waited until the last dish to roll a golden apple into the hall. Everyone took notice at the vividly sparkling apple. A wedding attendant picked it up and read the inscription â€Å"For the fairest.† All the Goddesses immediately broke out into an argument of who deserved the apple. Soon there were just three choices left Athena, Hera and Aphrodite. The three Goddesses asked Zeus to be the judge, and award the apple to the most deserving. Zeus was far too wise to involve himself in such a thing. He quickly suggested they send Hermes; messenger of the gods, to Troy where Paris, the son of King Priam could be found on Mount Ida. Because of a prophecy warning that his son would one day be the ruin of Troy, he sent Paris to live as a shepherd. Hermes appeared to Paris and told him he must travel with him to Mount Olympus where he was to perform his task for Zeus. Paris did as he was told and left Mount Ida with Hermes. He soon arrived on Olympus and was told by Zeus to award the golden apple to the fairest of the three...

French King Pie Traditions and Vocabulary

French King Pie Traditions and Vocabulary On January 6th is the Christian holy day of Epiphany, when the three kings, also called the three wise men, guided by a strange star in the sky, visited baby Jesus. On that day the French eat La Galette des Rois, a delicious puff pastry pie. The lighter version is just the puff pastry, eaten golden out of the oven and then topped with jam. But there are many scrumptious versions, including various fruit, cream, apple sauce filings and my personal favorite: frangipane!   In the South of France, they have a special cake called le gà ¢teau des rois which is a brioche with candied fruits, shaped in a crown, and perfumed with orange blossom water. French King Pie Secret Now, the secret of la galette des rois is that hidden inside is a little surprise: a small token, usually a porcelain figurine (sometimes plastic now...) called la fà ¨ve. The one who finds it is crowned the king or the queen of the day. So, when you eat this delicacy, you have to be extremely careful not to break a tooth!   The French King Pie is sold with a paper crown - sometimes, kids do one as a project for their home, or sometimes they do two since a king gets to pick his queen and vice and versa. French Galette des Rois Traditions Traditionally, the youngest one at the table will go under the table (or really close his/her eyes) and designate who gets which slice: the one serving asks: Cest pour qui celle-l ? For whom is this one? And the kid answers:Cest pour Maman, Papa... Its For Mom, Dad... Of course, this is a very practical way for the grownups to make sure one of the kids gets the porcelain figurine. Another tradition dictates that you cut the pie according to the number of guests plus one. Its called la part du pauvre (the paupers slice) and was traditionally given away. I dont know anybody who does this nowadays however.     So, the person who finds la fà ¨ve proclames: Jai la fà ¨ve (I have the fava), s/he puts one the crown, then picks someone at the table to be crowned as his king/queen, and everybody yells Vive le roi / Vive la reine (long live the king / long live the queen). Then everybody eats their slices, relieved that no one broke a tooth :-) French Kings Pie Vocabulary La Galette des Rois - French King Pie Puff PastryLe Gà ¢teau des Rois - South of France King CakeUne fà ¨ve - the little porcelain figure hidden in the pieUne couronne - a crownÊtre Courronnà © - to be crownedTirer les rois - to draw the king/queenUn roi - a kingUne reine - a queenPuff pastry - de la pà ¢te feuilletà ©eCest pour qui celle-l ? For whom is this one?Cest pour... - Its for...Jai la fà ¨ve ! I have the fava!Vive le roi - Long live the kingVive la reine - long live the queen I post exclusive mini lessons, tips, pictures and more daily on my Facebook, Twitter and Pinterest  pages - so join me there! https://www.facebook.com/frenchtoday https://twitter.com/frenchtoday https://www.pinterest.com/frenchtoday/

Improving the supply chain management at Actavis through Essay

Improving the supply chain management at Actavis through implementation of an integrated ERP System - Essay Example Furthermore, we provide guidance in the selection, implementation, and maintenance of an ERP solution, including the inventory control and business process redesign efforts necessary to ensure acceptance of the new system and to maximize its use. We intend this to be a visionary document, detailing the true cost of ownership and providing a base of knowledge for Actavis group to successfully complete its ERP implementation. The PS-ERP was developed by first understanding Actavis's existing culture, infrastructure, relevant skill sets, and organizational commitment. This was done by interviewing Actavis Management and Employees in the Payroll, Human Resources (HR), and Finance areas that will be impacted. We then analyzed the environment, leveraging our broad ERP implementation experience in the public sector involving both non-generic industry and other Pharmaceutical companies. We validated our understanding and findings with external research, including discussions with respected IT research sources and similar governmental organizations that recently implemented ERP systems. We then developed numerous recommendations to better prepare Actavis for its planned implementation, as well as tools to continue to evaluate the proper preparation and implementation steps. The possible benefits of the ERP implementation is examined in terms of improvement in cost justifications with low inventory pullout. CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . .

WLAN Throughput Performance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

WLAN Throughput Performance - Research Paper Example   When there are multiple simultaneously active users transmitting data on the WLAN radio channel, the throughput decreases. This is because the users experience a collision. These colliding parties must wait for a defined back off period before retransmitting. This results in loss of air time thus affecting the system’s throughput.†¢ InterferenceRadio based WLAN are unregulated. Other products transmitting energy in the same frequency spectrum results in interference. For instance, microwave ovens can be a source of interference to a WLAN system. Most WLAN manufacturers design their products to account for this interference. Interference mostly arises from other access points (AP) on the same and adjacent radio channels. It can be mutual and harmful. In minimizing interference, different radio channels are used. Frequency hopping and other frequency optimization techniques are developing to help manage interference.†¢ Interoperability of wireless devices  WLAN s ystems from different vendors may not be interoperable. This is because different technologies will not interoperate. For instance, a system based on spread spectrum frequency hopping technology will not communicate with another system based on spread spectrum direct sequence technology. Moreover, systems using direct frequency bands will not interoperate even if they employ the same technology. In addition to that, systems from different vendors may not interoperate even if they both employ the same technology.

The Effects of the Dream Act on the Family Essay

The Effects of the Dream Act on the Family - Essay Example Many hardcore immigration advocates would simply argue to deport them all back to whatever country they originated from. However, that logic brought about a very important question that requires addressing; What about the children who were brought here as infants or children completely without intention and have never lived outside the United States; do you deport them with their families or separate the families? Can we as a country in good conscious send children to foreign countries they may know little about and possibly not even speak the language, equally could we send parents away and leave children to hear without them? The current presidential administration agreed that this was not something that America should do, so without the much immediate support and no authorization of the rest of the government, Barack Obama, passed the Act using his executive powers as President in 2012. There are a number of different arguments that many Americans support and oppose the implementation of the DREAM Act. Some are economical and others political, others still are racial; however, the most relevant arguments really are the ethical ones. The living breathing, thinking, feeling people that are truly most directly impacted by such an Act need to be considered. The DREAM Act would allow the children of undocumented immigrants to no longer have to fear possible deportation if their illegal status is known. In order to qualify the individual must be have been brought to the United States as minors and be between the ages of 15 and 30 and have maintained continuous residency in The United States for at least 5 years. Those who have been involved in serious crimes would be automatically ineligible (Mahatmya & Gring-Pemble 1-18). The benefits under the DREAM Act would change the lives of many young undocumented immigrants. For many years these children of immigrants could attend public schools but could not ever gain a legal drivers license, attend college, or receive any kind of educational financial aid.

Early Psychology And Introspection Psychology Essay

Early Psychology And Introspection Psychology Essay The question of whether psychology is a science persists. John Broadus Watson ignited this topic, offering strong evidence in pursuits of establishing psychology as an empirical science. Today, some psychologists reject the idea that psychology is a science at all, while others who agree weigh heavily on the role of behavior. Historically, traditional views on psychology have been unscientific. Offering an alternative view, the central idea in behaviorism is the prediction and control of behavior. Although controversial, the evidence for behaviorism, its contribution to the field, research, and treatment of disorders is undeniable. This paper addresses a history of behaviorism, with focus on the viewpoint and contribution of John B. Watson. Additionally, behaviorisms application to the field of clinical psychology is discussed. Keywords: behaviorism, learning, classical conditioning Behaviorism: A History of John B. Watson and Contributions to Clinical Psychology The interest in knowing and understanding human behavior is deeply rooted within historical philosophies and persists today. The desire to obtain tangible evidence in order to measure ones actions, thoughts, and emotions paved many ideas, including John Broadus Watsons revolutionary theory of Behaviorism (Hart Kristonis, 2006). Before he established behaviorism, Watson considered learning as one of the most important factors of psychology and established it as a central topic for basic research and application of American psychology (Rilling, 2000). Dissatisfied with the view that psychology focused on the mind, he dedicated his career to establishing psychology as a valid science. His dedication to learning and establishment of behaviorism shed light on several important clinical issues such as mental health disorders, drug addiction and phobias. In regards to theory, Watson is credited for having brought validity to some of the psychoanalytic concepts such as the role of early chi ldhood experiences, relationships, and the effects of trauma. His interest and dedication to uncovering psychopathology led to the discovery of conditioned emotional responses and an explanation for learning of feared behaviors (Rilling, 2000). Today, the contribution of Watson is undeniable. Therapies with strong behavioral components are utilized and applicable to many disorders. The purpose of this paper is to provide a history of Watsons behaviorism emphasizing the foundations of his work through his viewpoint. In addition to history, behaviorist contribution within the field of psychology and modern clinical psychology utilization are discussed. Historical Roots of Behaviorism Science originally developed within, and eventually navigated away from philosophy. Before astronomy and physics understood phenomena through observation, philosophers used God as the means to reason and conclude about the universe (Baum, 1994). Philosophers weighed heavily on Gods contribution to living and nonliving organisms, referencing the soul as the force of life. The Enlightenment saw substantial contributions to science as philosophers such as Galileo and Newton uncovered scientific truth through observation (Baum, 1994). Emphasizing data, early physiologists such as William Harvey conceptualized the body as a machine, discovering in which the heart functioned like a pump, circulating blood through tissues, arteries and veins (Baum, 1994). In addition, Charles Darwins theory of evolution radically debunked the bibles accounts of the creation and offered a new explanation that left out God (Baum, 1994). As astronomy, physics, chemistry and biology began to break away from phi losophical thought, so did the field of psychology. Early Psychology and Introspection Late nineteenth century labeled psychology as the science of mind. The field of psychology emerged as a discipline through Wilhelm Wundts laboratory at the University of Leipzig in 1879 (Moore, 2011). In his work, Wundt assumed that the study of consciousness was the appropriate subject for psychology, conducting experiments within areas now known as sensation and perception. Following Wundt, Titcheners structuralism, focused on sensations, images, and feelings, researched by drawing inferences from participants introspective reports and reaction times, indicating which sensations were higher or lower in the structure of consciousness (Moore, 2011). An alternative functionalism employed similar methods as structuralists but emphasized the function of conscious mental phenomena. For example, functionalists might use reaction times to study how childrens conscious mental phenomena developed over time, in efforts to provide individual education services (Moore, 2011). Concerns manifeste d in practical applications of either theory, and a lack of reliability. Introspection as a method was particularly problematic. For instance, concerning the lack of reliability, research findings with the introspective method were not often replicated with other participants or in other laboratories (Moore, 2011). Problems with Psychology The major emphasis of contention for Watson within psychology was introspection, specifically within the theories of structuralism and functionalism. Structuralist and functionalist views incorporated introspection to understand the contents and function of consciousness, using it as data in forming conclusions about human behavior (Carr, 1930; Boring, 1954). Unlike scientific method, Watson believed that introspection was biased towards the individual, had unreliable methods and formed baseless speculations (Baum, 1994; Watson, 1913). Further, he discarded introspective methods due to their inapplicability to animals, believing that the fundamentals of human behavior may be better explained through animal experiments. He rejected both theories, due to his belief that they lacked the applicability, consistency and logic for the more pressing issues within the field (Mills, 1999; Watson; 1913). To Watson, the introspective aspects of consciousness (feeling, choice, judgment) had not d emonstrated functional use, were unreliable and impossible to verify in an experimental setting (Boring, 1954). Behaviorist Psychology Watson grew frustrated with psychology defined as science of consciousness, attributing to psychologys failure in becoming a true science (Watson, 1913). It was in his 1913 publication Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it, that he stated his intentions to change the subject of psychology from consciousness to behavior, replacing introspective methods with objective approaches. For him, the goal of behaviorist psychology was in the prediction and control of behavior (Goss, Watson, 1913; 1924; Rilling, 2000). From his point of view, behavior is a function of stimulating conditions within in the environment and characteristics (e.g., drive states, hereditary, habit, emotions) within the organism, later defining behaviorism as stimulus-response, or S-R (Wozniak, 1997; Watson, 1919). According to him, behavior consists of motor and glandular responses to sensory stimuli (sensorimotor) (Woodworth, 1959). A stimulus arouses activity in one or more receptors, exciting nerve impulses in the brain and spinal cord where outgoing nerve currents are excited in the motor and glandular nerves with resulting excitation of muscles and glands. Whatever organizational activity is taking place, it is present in the brain and spinal cord, and should not be attributed to higher processes (Woodworth, 1959). Watson formally ruled introspection out of psychology and urged for applicable undertakings within psychology, beneficial to the legal, educational, medical and business arenas (Boring, 1954; Watson, 1913; Mills, 1999). For the first time behaviorism was given definitive goals, methods and parameters.   The structure that Watson illustrated for the behaviorism was a discipline based heavily in rationalist thought, and on the precept that learning, and habit is the major influence on development (Rilling, 2000; King, Viney, Woody, 2009). Thinking and Language. Watson believed that the causes of behavior were within the environment rather than the mind (Markey, 1925). In his 1919 book Psychology From the Standpoint of a Behaviorist, Watson rejected the concept of mind completely, extending all of his behaviorist views to introspective activities, such as language and thinking (Markey, 1925). According to him, thinking a mental process, is actually an overt behavior nothing more than sub-vocal speaking, or silent talking (Watson, 1920). Thinking is a verbal process where expressive movements (gestures) serve as substitution of words. In the study of human behavior, Watsons views on language explained consciousness and awareness as an objective mechanistic process. Higher order processing (e.g., expression of the face, hands, shoulders), fulfill the symbolic character necessary in language. Our whole body comes to be part of the language mechanism providing a basis for imagery, reasoning, and thought (Watson, 1920). To Freud, Watson proposed a behavioristic translation of the unconscious, stating that situations where language is covert, or un-verbalized is the unconscious, where overt language, speaking is the state of conscious (Goss, 1961; Watson, 1928). In summary, thinking, where learning is involved, is a trial-and-error process dependent upon motor expression and language (Watson, 1920). As the 20th century sought to uncover the actual mechanisms of learning, Watson discovered the opportunity to extend learning experiments to psychologists (Rilling, 2000). Central to his theory was the concept of habits. Watson believed that personality, like language also developed through a system of habit and conditioning, beginning immediately after birth. Furthermore, he believed that pathology depended on the environment, normal personality is a function of healthy upbringing, while weaknesses in person were related to trauma, or punishment (King et al., 2009). Behaviorists avoid terms such as normal and abnormal, because t hese words imply an absolute distinction between health and sickness (Roberts, 2012). Watson argued in which mental illness was a product of environmental conditioning, and is best illustrated through his famous work on fear conditioning (King et al., 2009). Contributions of Classical Conditioning. Like Pavlov, Watson believed in observing and training physical responses to stimuli without referencing the mind, allowing animal and human behavior to be interpreted similarly (Markey, 1925). Based on the animal experiments of Ivan Pavlov, Watson applied classical conditioning experiments in efforts to study human behavior and create an objective science. Watsons interest in animal learning provided him a tool for controlling behavior, preempting his widely recognized conditioning experiment of Albert B. Cited within psychologys history, Watson demonstrated the impact of classical conditioning to human emotional behavior (Harris, 1979; Watson Rayner, 1920). The goal of conditioning A.B. to fear a white rat by paring it with the presentation of a noise led to the discovery of conditioned emotional responses. Initially, A.B. did not display fear, however once rat and noise were paired and repeatedly presented, fear developed. After several presentations of rat and noise, a new respo nse, crying, was noticed, generalizing his fear response to new stimuli that appeared similar to the rat (Watson Rayner, 1920). Watsons clarification of psychopathology to the detection of conditioned emotional responses is proclaimed as his major contribution to the field of psychology (Rilling, 2000). Literature cites A.Bs conditioning as a model of psychopathology (e.g., specific phobia) and is often implemented within discussion of systematic desensitization as treatment for phobia (Harris, 1979; Eysenck, 1960). Through his theory and research, Watsons behaviorism unquestionably provided major contributions to the field of applied psychology. Behaviorism generated behavior therapy, developing behavior management techniques for children with autism and token economies for the management of severe mental illness (Spiegler Guevremont, 2010). Due to Watsons work, the areas of legal forensic psychology blossomed and continues have utility in courtroom matters (e.g., reliability of eyewitness testimony, fitness to stand trial) (Rilling, 2000). Due to the behaviorists, personality and development were given credit as the result of interaction between genetics and experience, holding true for abnormal and normal development (Roberts, 2012). In conclusion, Psychology is defined as the science of behavior. Supported through the works of John B. Watson, his passion and contribution to the field of psychology, the relevance of behaviorism is a permanent in the field of applied psychology.

Essay --

Impact of marketing on Agricultural Products Introduction Agriculture is the backbone of Pakistan’s economy because it fulfills the basic necessities of life also it provides the employment opportunities and livelihood to 62% of population. It contributes 21% to total GDP and 80% products that are being exported are agro based. (Agri Punjab). Pakistan has plenty of natural resources so people of rural areas put their whole efforts in exploring these and producing the agricultural products from those. So if it will be managed effectively than it becomes the biggest source of reducing the poverty in Pakistan. Agricultural sector in Pakistan is growing in Pakistan from time to time but this growth is not much satisfactory for us because of many factors like increasing rate of population, inefficient water storage and natural calamities that affects the Pakistan each year in the form of flood etc. Agricultural productivity can be enhanced by using the latest technology or by cultivating the more land for production purposes; this will c ause the reduction in scarcity of food and reduce poverty. Using the latest technology avoid the diseases of crops and make better the agricultural production. (Abdul & Aqeel, 2007) Efforts are now being started to improve this sector as many of biotechnology institutes have been established. If the proper technology and scientific approaches will be used then it could make the agricultural system one of the best systems. The fertilizers and pesticides costs are increasing day by day that leads to decline in crops (Mohammad). Agriculture contributes major in economic development of Pakistan that contributions includes export of rice and cotton gives 65% of total foreign exchange earnings, as the popula... ...structured questionnaires as well as through documents like policy strategies, guidelines and reports. Stratified random sampling was used and 3 groups were selected to collect data from each district. Interviews were made from producers, traders and NGO’s. it was concluded from study that the improvement in marketing system is most important, different changes/techniques were recommended for 3 districts. For example for Dehana district (proper utilization of resources, soil conservation, moisture management, improved seeds), for Arrero District ( improvement of rangeland, livestock marketing system, cooperatives should be encouraged) and for Goro district (Livestock production should be improved, better road network, marketing monitoring from government and better market information system). In short proper system of marketing was recommended from this research. Essay -- Impact of marketing on Agricultural Products Introduction Agriculture is the backbone of Pakistan’s economy because it fulfills the basic necessities of life also it provides the employment opportunities and livelihood to 62% of population. It contributes 21% to total GDP and 80% products that are being exported are agro based. (Agri Punjab). Pakistan has plenty of natural resources so people of rural areas put their whole efforts in exploring these and producing the agricultural products from those. So if it will be managed effectively than it becomes the biggest source of reducing the poverty in Pakistan. Agricultural sector in Pakistan is growing in Pakistan from time to time but this growth is not much satisfactory for us because of many factors like increasing rate of population, inefficient water storage and natural calamities that affects the Pakistan each year in the form of flood etc. Agricultural productivity can be enhanced by using the latest technology or by cultivating the more land for production purposes; this will c ause the reduction in scarcity of food and reduce poverty. Using the latest technology avoid the diseases of crops and make better the agricultural production. (Abdul & Aqeel, 2007) Efforts are now being started to improve this sector as many of biotechnology institutes have been established. If the proper technology and scientific approaches will be used then it could make the agricultural system one of the best systems. The fertilizers and pesticides costs are increasing day by day that leads to decline in crops (Mohammad). Agriculture contributes major in economic development of Pakistan that contributions includes export of rice and cotton gives 65% of total foreign exchange earnings, as the popula... ...structured questionnaires as well as through documents like policy strategies, guidelines and reports. Stratified random sampling was used and 3 groups were selected to collect data from each district. Interviews were made from producers, traders and NGO’s. it was concluded from study that the improvement in marketing system is most important, different changes/techniques were recommended for 3 districts. For example for Dehana district (proper utilization of resources, soil conservation, moisture management, improved seeds), for Arrero District ( improvement of rangeland, livestock marketing system, cooperatives should be encouraged) and for Goro district (Livestock production should be improved, better road network, marketing monitoring from government and better market information system). In short proper system of marketing was recommended from this research.

Final Teen Pregnancy College Essay Essay

There are many short phrases that can impact a person’s life from â€Å"will you marry me† to â€Å"I love you† all the way down to â€Å"I’m pregnant† but when you’re a teenager hearing the last phrase is something that will change your life in a scary and shocking way. Nearly one million teen girls experience this shock each year when they come to find that their pregnancy test is positive. In our society today teenage pregnancy isn’t just a problem but an epidemic. Unfortunately I have seen all stages of the situation unfold recently when my best friend who is almost like a sister to me found out she was having a baby. At the age of seventeen a normal teenage girl is deciding what dress to wear to prom or where they want to apply for their first job. But for my best friend Anna the first big decision she got to make was whether she should keep her baby or not. This choice lead her into a deep depression as different people in her life pressured her to make different choices. While her close friends told her to keep the baby the father of her baby and his family wanted her to abort it. After a long month of fighting over what to do she chose the baby’s life over the â€Å"love† of her boyfriend who ended up leaving after finding out she was not going to get an abortion. Sadly enough she is not the only one who has experienced this, unfortunately more than half of girls who become pregnant in their teens have to go down this path alone without the father of the baby in the picture. It is apparent that becoming pregnant changed Anna’s life and her future as a whole. This happens to every teen mom weather they decide to keep the baby, get an abortion, or give their baby up for adoption their life is still changed forever. Theses girls went from a life where their parents made decisions for them to a life where they have to make parental decisions themselves. Overall teenage pregnancy is a social issue because it affects many aspects of life like economic wellbeing, the mother’s wellbeing, and the child’s wellbeing. If teenage pregnancy were reduced all of these problems would be reduced as well. Each year the United States is spending around eleven billion dollars as an affect of teen pregnancy. The US has to spend this much money because eighty percent of teen moms are on welfare. Economic wellbeing contributes to the reasons so many teen moms have to be  supported by the government. At such a young age these teens can not meet the demand for education in the job world while still caring for their new born. The national campaign sites that almost ninety percent of teens who did not get pregnant finish high school where as only fifty percent of teen moms get a high school diploma. The children of these mothers end up being affected by their mother’s struggles. From conception odds are against these children to succeed. At birth a teen mothers baby is at risk of low birth rate and infant mortality. Once the child gets passed these odds they have to deal with the struggles of being less prepared when they enter kindergarten because their mothers are less experienced on how to prepare their child. In later life sons of teen mothers are two times more likely to end up in prison than sons born to mothers over the age of twenty-one, this may be because of the absence of a father figure in their lives. Studies have also concluded that daughters of teen mothers are three times more likely to have a baby in their teens. Teen pregnancies disturb our society today by using our tax dollars and affecting the success of our future generation. Not only is teenage pregnancy seen at school and in other public places it is also all over the television. Some say that the popular television shows sixteen and Pregnant glamorizes teen pregnancy and I would have to agree. Why should girls get rewarded for becoming pregnant as a teen and even become famous because of it? The answer is that they shouldn’t but in our world today sadly these girls hardships our becoming our generations entertainment. But it is not much of a loss to them as they are being paid a â€Å"reported $60,000 per season† according to OK magazine. Many teens who see the show sixteen and pregnant or see other pregnant teens think that it will never happen to them. The fact of the matter is that my best friend was one of those people. Teenage pregnancy is not an issue that is going away in our society. Preventing teenage pregnancy will not only help our countries teenagers to have a more successful life but it will also help the children that will be our countries future to have a better life. The United States needs to stop putting this problem on the back burner and accepting it as â€Å"normal† and start to take action. In the world today the United States has one of the highest teen pregnancy rates doubling that Canada and five times the rate of Japan. American teens that are sexually active are becoming more and more careless. Some suggest that these teens become pregnant because of  the lack of education or lack of positive parental influences in teens lives. I think some teens just become so consumed with how â€Å"in love† they feel that they are with their boyfriend or girlfriend that they forget the consequences of their actions. America as a whole needs to find better ways to control teen pregnancy weather it be through education of the consequences or education of birth control. Because the true fact of the matter is that pre marital sex leads to broken homes, high school dropouts, and tough financial situations. These teens our still children themselves and should not make a decision that leaves them with the responsibility of another child’s life.

Commedia All’ Italiana

Commanded Alternating Films that are made In Italy are well-known worldwide, especially the Italian-style comedy, which has won a lot academic awards and earned enormous applause and praises. However, there are something behind the laughter tries to tell the audience within the Italian-style comedy. Comedic Alliteration thrives for its uses of innovative and bold subjects and contents, and a profound and twisted ending; besides, humor in Italy are manipulated as a tool to expose social issues of different fields while reflecting poverty and misery.Comedic Lithuanian starts from a street performance, and it works its way toward the stage of world. The origin of Italian-style comedy can be traced back to the birth of Comedic delegate in 1 1 century, which becomes influential to the development of comedy In 15 century (Turner). Soon, Comedic delegate spreads to Europe for Its uses of music, dance, humorous dialogue In stage performance and even slapstick and lay foundation for the Comed ic Alternating. After World War II, the enactment of the Marshall Plan directly affects the prosperity of Italian-style modem.According to Turner in her article, â€Å"Comedic Lithuanian: Comedy, Italian- Style†, the growth of the economy significantly improves people's living conditions and stimulate the development of art, and she exposes that the most prosperous and memorable period of Italian film industry is around the late 1 sass and sass (Turner). The booming and success of Italian film industry introduce the unique perspectives of art of Italy as a name card to the world, and they start to attract the attention and popularity from the worldwide audience. The success of the ComedicLatitudinal Is that films are boldly using the sensitive subjects and contents from the society Instead of acting Like a clown only. There are lots of things a film Is trying to tell the audience through every scene and laughter. Comedic Allotments Is famous for its ending, which is always tw isted into a kind of imperfect ending. From a famous comedy film called Eel not did Siberia (The Nights of Siberia) tells a dramatic story of a young prostitute named Siberia who pursues her true love through several stories, but unfortunately, all the endings of those stories are tragic.A woman, who lives in the bottom of society and has a not respected Job, devotes everything she has into a way of seeking true love as traditionally as a common woman does in reality should deserve what she wants in return. But, the ending is not like what it is wished to be so; instead, the ending Is sad, but it also happens in reality. Comedic Lithuanian is trying to remind people that there will not always have a happy ending even though one has tried his or her best; and there will be something negative potentially happens In reality. A director named Francesca Commencing says, â€Å"There Is no happy ending, only lots of loose ends.Italy has lost, but doesn't know It†¦ That's why a film l ike this is necessary, so people can become aware† (Evolved). Things always change people in Italy there is no such thing which is destined; to be aware, it is not yet a dream world. Besides telling the truth of reality, the Comedic Lithuanian is used to mock the social issues. â€Å"The Italian-style comedy was able to talk about social problems and still be popular,† said Peter Bandoleer, â€Å"It was a way of having a illegal about what was going on in Italy, of addressing questions that were not being discussed in the government† (Grimes).An Italian-style comedy called â€Å"Divorcee: Italian-style† tells that a Sicilian gentleman wants to murder his wife because he wants to marry his younger and prettier cousin. The reason that he has such an evil purpose is that divorce was against the Italian laws at the time because of the strict religion's requirements in Italy. Therefore, this gentleman chooses to have an honor killing because â€Å"honor was so important in society, the legal enmeshment for this special kind of murder was oh-so lenient† (Turner). It is so ironic that a person takes such a method to get divorced.This film successfully attracts the public attention, not only for it is an Italian-style comedy but also for it makes the government and the public to reconsider the restorability of the legislation of outlaw divorce. The issues which always make no sense and bother and perplex people are subject to be talked about in Comedic Lithuanian and it is easy to be accepted by government. Comedic Lithuanian is considered a special communication between society and government, which people are reflecting what is happening in their lives to government.Because of the Comedic Lithuanian, a scene of Joking something tragic becomes a part of the Italian culture. Mr.. McNeill, known as the king of Italian comedy, defined Italian humor as something â€Å"lack of a happy ending, seemingly antithetical to comedy,† and he comments that themes make Italians laugh â€Å"stem from poverty, hunger, misery, old age, sickness, and death† (Grimes). It may be considered strange if a person laughs at something sad in some other countries, but the whole Italy is mocking itself with distress. â€Å"The goal is to consider the reality around you, from the point of view of the humorist.I think you need to look deeper to make people laugh at things that aren't ridiculous or funny,† said Mr.. McNeill (Torah). Italians look at misery of life from a different view but a humorous view, and thus, it is considered as a complaint to the society and life. Comedic Lithuanian is to only something makes ones laugh but also something makes ones think, such as a famous film named â€Å"Life is beautiful†, directed by Roberto Benign, which describes how a Jewish man create a wonderful family and protect his son in a Nazi concentration camp with uses of his humor.Mr.. McNeill admits that â€Å"you can ma ke people laugh at the most horrible of things. It's hard, but it's more profound† (Torah). Life is always full of things that are too sensitive to be mentioned, but through humor, they can be talked about directly in public, and even worldwide. Italians know here is something seriously horrible happening in reality, and they are able to criticize those issues by Comedic Lithuanian and Italian-style humor; this unique comprehension of misery of life gradually becomes a part of Italian culture.